Plant landscape of Jiuhuashan Global Geopark
The flora of the Jiuhuashan Mountain consists of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, broadleaved deciduous forest and coniferous forest, which form a typical vertical community structure in the region. In the zone below 200 m, the plant vegetations are secondary broadleaved forest, small portion of Pinus massoniana forest, bamboo forest and bush. In the zone of elevation of 200-700 m, ones are evergreen-deciduous mixed forest and bamboo forest. In the zone of elevation of 700-1000m, the vegetation type is mixed evergreen-deciduous broadleaved forest. In the zone of elevation of higher than 1,000 m, the major vegetation types are coniferous forest and mountain bush.
Table of Vertical Distribution Characteristics of Vegetation in Jiuhuashan Global Geopark
|
Altitude |
Vegetation Type |
Tree Species Characteristics |
|
Below 200m |
Secondary broad-leaved forests, small portion of Pinus massoniana forest, bamboo forests and shrubs, as well as cultivated timber forests and economic forests |
Evergreen broad-leaved trees are mostly Castanopsis sclerophylla; deciduous trees include maple, Pteroceltis tatarinowii, Pterocarya stenoptera , etc. |
|
200 to 700m |
Evergreen and deciduous mixed forests, bamboo forests |
Pinus massoniana and Phyllostachys edulis grow well; Dicranopteris linearis and Cunninghamia lanceolata are widely distributed. |
|
700 to 1000m |
Evergreen broad-leaved mixed forests, coniferous forests, and shrubs |
Liquidambar formosana, Quercus variabilis, etc., are distributed in gentle areas, while Pinus hwangshanensis and deciduous shrubs mostly grow in steep areas. |
|
Above 1000m |
Coniferous forest and mountain bush
|
Distributed with "alpine plants" that only grow in the upper part of mountains, such as Zabelia dielsii and Lindera obtusiloba. |
There are 1,463 species of higher plants in Jiuhuashan, including 126 species of bryophytes, 103 species of ferns, 19 species of gymnosperms, and 1,215 species of angiosperms, belonging to 633 genera in 176 families. There are 9 species listed as national second-class protected plants, 6 species as national third-class protected plants, and 10 species as provincial protected plants. Plants named after Jiuhuashan include Sinosenecio jiuhuashanicus, Lindernia jiuhuashanica, and Carex manca subsp. jiuhuaensis.
There are numerous ancient and famous trees in Jiuhuashan Global Geopark, totaling 515 trees. They are mainly distributed in the Jiuhua Street cirque and belong to 7 communities, namely the Ganlu Temple community, Zhiyuan Temple community, Taibai Study community, Moon Bay community, Pipa-shape community, Flesh Palace community, and Minyuan community, which have become a key area for ecological science popularization and education. Among them, the famous Phoenix Pine (scientific name Huangshan pine, Pinus taiwanensis), which was recorded in history during the Southern and Northern Dynasties of China, has a history of 1,400 years. The pine is 7.68m high and 1m in DBH. Its peculiar shape looks just like a phoenix spreading its wings, and it is praised by the famous contemporary Chinese painter Li Keran as "the number one pine in the world".
List of Protected Plants in Jiuhuashan Global Geopark
|
No. |
Plant Name |
Protection Level |
Remarks |
|
1 |
Pseudolarix amabilis |
National Class II |
Ancient and famous trees |
|
2 |
Ginkgo biloba |
National Class II |
Ancient and famous trees |
|
3 |
Emmenopterys henryi |
National Class II |
Ancient and famous trees |
|
4 |
Pterocarpus indicus |
National Class II |
|
|
5 |
Toona ciliata |
National Class II |
|
|
6 |
Phoebe sheareri |
National Class II |
|
|
7 |
Liriodendron chinense |
National Class II |
|
|
8 |
Eucommia ulmoides |
National Class II |
|
|
9 |
Ormosia hosiei |
National Class II |
|
|
10 |
Oyama sieboldii |
National Class III |
|
|
11 |
Changium smyrnioides |
National Class III |
|
|
12 |
Pteroceltis tatarinowii |
National Class III |
|
|
13 |
Kolkwitzia amabilis |
National Class III |
|
|
14 |
Houpoea officinalis 'Biloba' |
National Class III |
|
|
15 |
Yulania cylindrica |
National Class III |
|
|
16 |
Cephalotaxus fortunei |
Provincial |
|
|
17 |
Yulania denudata |
Provincial |
|
|
18 |
Pinus taiwanensis |
Provincial |
Ancient and famous trees |
|
19 |
Cyclocarya paliurus |
Provincial |
Ancient and famous trees |
|
20 |
Castanopsis hystrix |
Provincial |
Ancient and famous trees |
|
21 |
Lindera megaphylla |
Provincial |
Ancient and famous trees |
|
22 |
Liquidambar formosana |
Provincial |
Ancient and famous trees |
|
23 |
Acer buergerianum |
Provincial |
Ancient and famous trees |
|
24 |
Celtis biondii |
Provincial |
Ancient and famous trees |
|
25 |
Sassafras tzumu |
Provincial |
Ancient and famous trees |
|
26 |
Diospyros glaucifolia |
Provincial |
Ancient and famous trees |
|
27 |
Cyclobalanopsis myrsinaefolia |
Provincial |
Ancient and famous trees |
Scan to open the current page on the phone
